Jesus the Troublemaker

THEMATIC GLOSSARY OF JEWISH NAMES AND TERMS

NAMES OF PEOPLE

 

Yeshua                                    Jesus   – Iēsous (Greek) – Isa (in Qu’ran)

The twelve  disciples/trainees  (based on Mark 3.16-18)

Shim’on Kefa                          Simon Peter  (or Simeon)

Yaakov Bar-Zavdai                James (or Jacob) son of Zebedee

Yohanan Bar-Zavdai John son of Zebedee

Andreas                                  Andrew (Greek). Simon Peter’s brother

Bar-Talmai                             Bartholomew – son of Ptolemy

Mattityahu                              Matthew

Philippos                                Philip (Greek)

Shim’on Zelotes                     Simon the Zealot

T’addai                                   Thadaeus

T’oma                                     Thomas

Yaakov Bar-Chalfai                James son of Alphaeus.

Y’hudah Ish-K’riot Bar-Shim’on   Judas Iscariot son of Simeon

 

Women Followers

Miryam           Mary

Marta              Martha

Shlomit           Salome

Yochana         Joanna

 

Friends

Zakkai             Zacchaeus

Bar-Timai       Bartimaeus

El’azar            Lazarus

Shim’on          Simon (or Simeon)

 

Biblical names

Moshe Moses

Avraham        Abraham

Yitzchak          Isaac

Ya’akov           James/Jacob

Yesha’yahu    Isaiah

Yirmeyahu     Jeremiah

 

Jewish groups

Terms in the book                  Terms in the Bible

Temple Aristocrats              Sadducees

Leading priests                     Chief priests

Great Council                        Sanhedrin

Council members                 Elders

Torah-teachers                     Scribes

Hasidim                                  Pharisees

Liberals                                  Herodians

Essenes                                  a quasi-monastic movement with communities in Jerusalem, Alexandria in Egypt and famously at Qumran by the Dead Sea who wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls

Judaeans                                Jews

 

Those in Jesus’ trials

Anan                                                               Annas – short for Ananias. former High Priest

Kayafa, full name Yosef Bar-Kayafa          Caiaphas, current High Priest

Pontius Pilatus                                              Pontius Pilate (Latin), Procurator/Governor

Sila                                                                  Silas, priest

El’chud Bar-Nachum                                   Elihud son of Nahum, Temple captain

 

Witnesses in order of appearance

El’chud Bar-Z’kariyah                                   Elihud son of Zechariah

Yannai Ben-Mattat                                        Jannai son of Matthat

Tolmai Bar-Y’hudah                                     Ptolemy son of Judah

Avraham Bar-L’vi                                          Abraham son of Levi

Shim’on Bar-Yitzchak                                    Simeon son of Isaac

 

PLACES

In order of appearance

Yerushalayim             Jerusalem

Galil                             Galilee/ Region

Galil ha Goyim            Galilee of the Gentiles

Natzeret                     Nazareth

Yericho                       Jericho

Beit-Anyah                 Bethaby

Beit-Pagey                  Bethphage

Yisrael                        Israel

Gat Sh’manim Gethsemane

Praetorium                Governor’s headquarters or Procurator’s residence

Efrayim                       Eprhraim, modern Taybeh.

Amma’us                    Emmaus

 

WORDS OF FAITH

Words for God and his kingdom

Elaha                           God (Aramaic)

Abba                           Father/Dad

Adonai                        Lord – used instead of pronouncing the sacred name YHWH.

Elohim                        God

Eloheynu                    Our God

Elohi                           My God (Hebrew)

Mar/Maran                Lord/Great Lord       (Aramaic)

Ha-Maschiach The Anointed One, the Messiah, the Christ

Ruach Ha-Kodesh      The Holy Spirit

Ben-David                  Son of David (Hebrew)

 

Words for scripture

Torah                         The law, the first five books of the Bible (Genesis to Deuteronomy)

Haftorah                     The history and prophetic books of the Bible (Joshua to Malachi)

Hallel                          Six psalms of praise used at Passover, Psalms 113 to 118.

The Readings All of the Hebrew Scriptures including the Wisdom books.  Later called the Tanakh – the Law, Prophets and Writings.

The Law and the Prophets.   Jesus’ regular term for the Jewish scriptures.

Amen                          Indeed, I agree etc.

 

Words of worship

Shabbat                      Sabbath – day of rest.

Pesach                       Passover / Feast of Unleavened Bread

Nisan                          First month of the year, March/April.  Called Abib in the Torah.

Shavuot                      Feast of Weeks/Pentecost

Sivan                           Third month of the year, May/June

Sukkot                        Feast of Tabernacles of Booths

Mikveh                        ritual bath-house

Rabbi                          Teacher/master

Rabban                       Great teacher/master

 

OTHER PHRASES

Shalom alear-em.     Peace (prosperity, well-being) to you

Tebu lak                     Thank you (Aramaic). Hebrew is ‘Toda’

Chutzpah                   Cheek, cheekiness

Ish Mavet                   Man of death – sentenced to death.

Xairé                           Greetings, literally Rejoice (Greek)

Aprilios                       April (Greek)

Titulus                         A caption, inscription or label (Latin)